Anal fistula management remains a challenging surgical domain where the primary goals are the eradication of infection, minimisation of recurrence, and preservation of sphincter integrity. Standard ...

The VAAFT procedure is done in 2 phases, diagnostic and operative. Before the procedure, the patient is given a spinal or general anaesthetic and is placed in the lithotomy position (legs in stirrups ...

Permacol collagen paste (Medtronic) is a minimally invasive treatment for anal fistulae. The paste is made of acellular, porcine dermal collagen suspended in saline. When injected into the fistula ...