Principal stresses are defined as the maximum and minimum normal stresses in a plane. Principal stresses are perpendicular to each other and oriented such that shear stresses are zero. For 3D stress ...

A new, simple form of a cubic equation of state (EOS) has been developed in a recent study. A comparison to experimental data and other cubic equations of state show that the new EOS is more accurate.

Given any cubic or quartic equation with real coefficients, it can be transformed by a change of variable into a standard form, and thus solved by means of a double-sided scale (Fig. 1) in the case of ...

The volume of a cylinder is defined as the amount of space that a solid or liquid can occupy inside it. A cylinder is a three-dimensional shape with two identical, congruent, and parallel circular ...